Health-related quality of life 1 year after a large-scale industrial fire among exposed inhabitants of Rouen, France: 'The Post Fire 76 Health' study.

BACKGROUND: A large-scale industrial fire occurred in Rouen, France, in 2019. This study assessed the health-related quality of life of people exposed to its consequences 1 year later. METHODS: The study population comprised inhabitants of the exposed area and a non-exposed area. A representative sample was randomly selected using a stratified design. Data were collected using a standardized questionnaire to describe fire exposure and to calculate three health-related quality of life scores according to the SF12-v2 scale. After adjustment, descriptive and multivariate analyses were conducted. RESULTS: The sample comprised 4773 participants (response rate 47.7%). In the exposed area, the average mental, physical and overall health scores were 47.5, 52.0 and 73.8 out of 100, respectively. Mean mental and overall health scores were higher in the non-exposed area (49.0 and 76.0, respectively). After adjustment, a lower mental health score was associated with a higher number of perceived types of exposure, reaching -3.72 points [-5.41; -2.04] for five or more different types of perceived exposure. A lower mental health score was associated with soot deposits (-1.04 [-1.70; -0.39]), perceiving odours [(-2.04 [-3.22; -0.86]) up to the day of data collection], and having seen, heard or been awakened by the fire (-1.21 [-1.90; -0.52]). A slightly lower physical health score was associated with soot deposits (-0.57 [-1.07; -0.08]). CONCLUSION: This study highlighted associations between exposure to the consequences of the industrial fire in Rouen and a deterioration of perceived health-related quality of life 1 year later, particularly the mental health dimension.

Predicting intention to vaccinate against COVID-19 in older Syrian refugees in Lebanon: Findings from a multi-wave study.

BACKGROUND: COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among refugees in the Arab region remains low. This study aimed to examine the prevalence, reasons and predictors of intention to refuse the COVID-19 vaccine among older Syrian refugees in Lebanon. METHODS: A nested cross-sectional study within a longitudinal study among older Syrian refugees in Lebanon. The sampling frame was a complete listing of beneficiary households of a humanitarian organization with at least one adult aged 50 years or older. Telephone surveys were completed at months 1 starting September 2020 (wave 1), months 2 (wave 2), months 5 (wave 3), months 6 (wave 4) and months 17 (wave 5) in March 2022. Logistic regression models were used to identify predictors of intention to refuse the COVID-19 vaccine. Models were internally validated using bootstrap methods and the models' calibration and discrimination were presented. FINDINGS: Of 3167 Syrian refugees, 61.3% intended to receive the COVID-19 vaccine, 31.3% refused, and 7.4% were undecided. Reasons for vaccine refusal were: preference to follow preventive measures (27.4%) and belief that the vaccine is not essential (20.7%). Furthermore, 57.1% of participants registered to take the COVID-19 vaccine in wave 5. Irrespective of vaccination intention, reasons for not registering included: not wanting to receive the vaccine, and being unsure whether to take it. Predictors of intention to refuse the COVID-19 vaccine included: being a female, older age, having elementary education or above, living outside informal tented settlements, perceiving COVID-19 as not severe and vaccines as not safe or effective, and using social media for information on COVID-19. After adjusting for optimization, the final model showed moderate discrimination (C-statistic: 0.651 (95% CI:0.630-0.672)) and good calibration (C-slope: 0.93 (95% CI: 0.823-1.065)). CONCLUSIONS: This study developed a predictive model for vaccination intention with a moderate discriminative ability and good calibration. Prediction models in humanitarian settings can help identify refugees at higher risk of not intending to receive the COVID-19 vaccine for public health targeting.

The association between the use of video games, social media and online dating sites, and the symptoms of anxiety and/or depression in adults aged 25 and over.

People tend to spend more time in front of their screens, which can have repercussions on their social life, physical and mental health. This topic has mainly been studied in adolescents. Therefore, our study tested associations between the use of video games, social media and online dating leading to sexual relations (ODLSR), and symptoms of anxiety and/or depression among adults aged 25 and over. Data from the 2018 TEMPO cohort study were analyzed (n = 853, 65.0% women, aged 25-44, with an average of 37.4 ± 3.7 years). The exposure variables were as follows: (a) the frequency of video game use, (b) time spent on social media and (c) ODLSR. Data were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression models, adjusted for participants' sociodemographic characteristics as well as history of mental health problems. Among the participants, 8.6% presented symptoms of anxiety and/or depression. An association between ODLSR and symptoms of anxiety and/or depression was found, especially among women. The results of this study will facilitate the improvement of support and care for adults, especially those with symptoms of anxiety and/or depression using dating applications. Future studies should investigate the determinants of using online meeting websites and their relationship with the occurrence of psychological difficulties in longitudinal studies to establish causality.

Educação permanente para qualidade e segurança do paciente em hospital acreditado / Educación permanente para calidad y seguridad del paciente en hospital acreditado / Permanent education for quality and patient safety in an accredited hospital

Resumo Objetivo Compreender os desafios enfrentados pela educação permanente para o alcance da melhoria da qualidade e da segurança do paciente em um hospital público submetido à acreditação hospitalar. Métodos Estudo descritivo, transversal e com abordagem qualitativa. Realizaram-se entrevistas semiestruturadas com 22 profissionais, durando, em média, 22 minutos, as quais posteriormente foram analisadas e interpretadas por meio da análise de conteúdo temática de Bardin. Adotaram-se os softwares Iramuteq para a análise de corpus textual, e o BioEstat 5.3, para análise do perfil dos participantes. A coleta de dados ocorreu em junho de 2022, após aprovação nos Comitês de Ética em Pesquisa. Resultados Aplicou-se a análise de classificação hierárquica descendente, gerada pelo Iramuteq. Obtiveram-se três categorias: Desafios da Educação Permanente mediante o Processo de Melhoria Contínua; Educação Permanente para a Promoção da Qualidade e da Segurança do Paciente no Contexto da Acreditação Hospitalar; e Estratégias Educativas para a Melhoria da Qualidade e da Segurança do Paciente. Conclusão Identificaram-se desafios inerentes às ações de educação permanente em saúde, tais como resistência à mudança de cultura, adesão às atividades, alta rotatividade de profissionais e dificuldade para liberação da equipe de enfermagem para participar das atividades relacionadas à demanda de trabalho.

Resumen Objetivo Comprender los desafíos enfrentados por la educación permanente para lograr mejorar la calidad y la seguridad del paciente en un hospital público sometido a acreditación hospitalaria. Métodos Estudio descriptivo, transversal y con enfoque cualitativo. Se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a 22 profesionales, con duración promedio de 22 minutos, que luego se analizaron e interpretaron mediante el análisis de contenido temático de Bardin. Se utilizaron los softwares Iramuteq para el análisis de corpus textual y BioEstat 5.3 para el análisis del perfil de los participantes. La recopilación de datos se llevó a cabo en junio de 2022, después de la aprobación de los Comités de Ética en Investigación. Resultados Se aplicó el análisis de clasificación jerárquica descendente, generado por Iramuteq. Se obtuvieron tres categorías: Desafíos de la educación permanente mediante el proceso de mejora continua, Educación permanente para la promoción de la calidad y de la seguridad del paciente en el contexto de la acreditación hospitalaria, y Estrategias educativas para la mejora de la calidad y la seguridad del paciente. Conclusión Se identificaron desafíos inherentes a las acciones de educación permanente en salud, tales como resistencia a cambios de cultura, adherencia a las actividades, alta rotación de profesionales y dificultad de autorizar al equipo de enfermería para participar en las actividades relacionadas con la demanda de trabajo.

Abstract Objective To understand the challenges faced in terms of permanent education in health, for achieving quality improvements and patient safety at a public hospital undergoing hospital accreditation. Methods This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study with a qualitative approach. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 22 professionals, lasting an average of 22 minutes. The interviews were subsequently analyzed and interpreted using Bardin's thematic content analysis. The software Iramuteq was used to analyze the textual corpus, and BioEstat 5.3 was used to analyze the profile of the participants. The data collection took place in June 2022, following approval by the Research Ethics Committees. Results The descending hierarchical classification analysis, generated by Iramuteq, was applied, resulting in three categories: Challenges of Permanent Education through the Continuous Improvement Process, Permanent Education for the Promotion of Quality and Patient Safety in the Context of Hospital Accreditation, and Educational Strategies for Improving Quality and Patient Safety. Conclusion Challenges inherent to the actions of permanent education in health were identified, such as resistance to cultural change, adherence to activities, high turnover of professionals, and difficulty in releasing the nursing team to participate in activities, due to work demand.

Normative data for macular perimetry using the MP-3 microperimeter in healthy individuals / Dados normativos para perimetria macular usando o microperímetro MP-3 em indivíduos normais

ABSTRACT Purpose: Microperimetry has been used for several years as a form of visual function testing in patients with retinal diseases. Normal microperimetry values obtained with microperimeter MP-3 have not yet been fully published, and baseline values for topographic macular sensitivity and correlations with age and sex are needed to establish degrees of impairment. This study aimed to determine values for light sensitivity thresholds and fixation stability using the MP-3 in healthy individuals. Methods: Thirty-seven healthy volunteers (age, 28-68 years), underwent full-threshold microperimetry using a 4-2 (fast) staircase strategy with the standard Goldmann III stimulus size and 68 test points positioned identically to those in the Humphrey Field Analyzer 10-2 test grid. The fixation stability was simultaneously recorded during the microperimetry test. The relationship between global sensitivity and age was calculated using linear regression analysis. Results: Microperimetry was performed on 37 participants (74 eyes). The global mean sensitivity was 29.01 ± 1.44 (range, 26-31) dB. The mean central sensitivity at 2° measured by the MP-3 was 28.5 ± 1.77 dB in the right eye (OD) and 28.75 ± 1.98 dB in the left eye (OS). The total median fixation stability values within 2° and 4° were 80% and 96%, respectively. The linear regression analysis also revealed an age-related global sensitivity decline per year of -0.051 dB ± 0.018 (OD) and -0.078 dB ± 0.021 (OS). Conclusions: Microperimetry performed with the MP-3 allows for an automatic, accurate, and topography-specific examination of retinal sensitivity thresholds. The results of this study provide a normal and age-matched database of MP-3 microperimetry.

RESUMO Objetivos: A microperimetria tem sido usada há vários anos como uma forma de teste de função visual em pacientes com doenças da retina. Os valores normais de microperimetria obtidos com MP-3 ainda não foram totalmente publicados e os valores basais para sensibilidade macular topográfica e correlações com idade e sexo são necessários para estabelecer graus de comprometimento. O objetivo do trabalho é determinar valores para limiares de sensibilidade à luz e estabilidade de fixação usando o MP-3 em indivíduos normais. Métodos: Trinta e sete voluntários saudáveis (idade: 28-68 anos), submetidos à microperimetria de limiar total usando uma estratégia de escada 4-2 (rápida) com o tamanho de estímulo padrão Goldmann III e 68 pontos de teste posicionados de forma idêntica aos do Humphrey Field Analyzer 10-2 grade de teste. A estabilidade da fixação foi registrada simultaneamente durante o teste de microperimetria. A relação entre a sensibilidade global e a idade foi calculada por meio de análise de regressão linear. Resultados: A microperimetria foi realizada em 37 indivíduos (74 olhos). A sensibilidade média global foi de 29,01 ± 1,44 dB, intervalo: 26-31 dB. A mediana da sensibilidade central a 2° medida pelo MP-3 foi de 28,5 ± 1,77 dB (ER) e 28,75 ± 1,98 dB (OE). Os valores médios totais de estabilidade da fixação em 2° e 4° foram 80% e 96%, respectivamente. A análise de regressão linear também revelou um declínio de sensibilidade global relacionado à idade por ano de -0,051 dB ± 0,018 (ER) e -0,078 dB ± 0,021 (LE). Conclusões: A microperimetria realizada com o MP-3 permite um exame automático, preciso e específico da topografia dos limiares de sensibilidade da retina. Os resultados deste estudo fornecem um banco de dados normal e de idade correspondente da microperimetria MP-3.

Simulação realítsica como estratégia de treinamento para equipe de saúde

Objetivo: Avaliar a simulação realística como estratégia de capacitação de técnicos de enfermagem e condutores de ambulância na avaliação primária dos traumas. Método: Estudo quase experimental, tipo antes e depois, abordagem quantitativa, desenvolvido entre dezembro de 2021 a março de 2022. A população constitui-se de 98 profissionais de 14 municípios que compõem o Complexo Regulador do Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência, da região norte do Estado do Paraná. Foi aplicado um teste de conhecimento, com 10 questões, antes e depois da simulação. Os dados foram avaliados em relação à medida central e dispersão. Os acertos, no pré e pós-teste, foram comparados por percentual. A média e desvio padrão dos acertos foram avaliados empregando o teste de Shapiro-Wilk para identificação da distribuição normal, ou não, dos dados. Também foi realizado o teste de Wilcoxon para identificação de diferença entre as médias de acertos entre os momentos de pesquisa. Empregou-se o índice de significância de 0,050. Resultados: Das perguntas propostas, aquelas sobre cinemática do trauma, estágios da avaliação primária da vítima, planejamento do atendimento e imobilização da vítima de trauma, atendimento na avaliação e presença de choque atingiram 90% das respostas corretas esperadas após o treinamento. As perguntas sobre avaliação primária do paciente e manejo das vias aéreas também produziram resultados significativos. Conclusão: A assimilação de conhecimento através da simulação realística promoveu um incremento importante de acertos das questões.

Objetivo: Evaluar la simulación realista como estrategia de formación de técnicos de enfermería y conductores de ambulancias en la valoración primaria del trauma. Método: Estudio cuasiexperimental, tipo antes y después, enfoque cuantitativo, desarrollado entre diciembre de 2021 y marzo de 2022. La población está compuesta por 98 profesionales de 14 municipios que componen el Complejo Regulador del Servicio de Atención Móvil de Emergencia de la región norte del Estado de Paraná. Se aplicó una prueba de conocimientos, con 10 preguntas, antes y después de la simulación. Los datos fueron evaluados en relación con la medida central y dispersión. Las respuestas correctas, en el pre y postest, fueron comparadas por porcentaje. La media y la desviación estándar de las respuestas correctas se evaluaron mediante la prueba de Shapiro-Wilk para identificar la distribución normal o no de los datos. También se realizó la prueba de Wilcoxon para identificar la diferencia entre las medias de aciertos entre los momentos de la investigación. Se utilizó un índice de significación de 0.050. Resultados: De las preguntas propuestas, aquellas sobre cinemática del trauma, etapas de la valoración primaria de la víctima, planificación del cuidado e inmovilización de la víctima del trauma, atención en la valoración y presencia de shock alcanzaron el 90 % de respuestas correctas esperadas después el entrenamiento. Las preguntas sobre evaluación primaria del paciente y control de la vía aérea también arrojaron resultados significativos. Conclusión: La asimilación de conocimientos a través de la simulación realista promovió un aumento importante en las respuestas correctas a las preguntas

Objective: To assess realistic simulation as a training strategy for nursing technicians and ambulance drivers in the primary assessment of trauma cases. Method: A quasi-experimental study, before-and-after design, with a quantitative approach, conducted between December 2021 and March 2022. The study population consisted of 98 professionals from 14 municipalities within the Northern region of the State of Paraná, who are part of the Regulatory Complex of the Mobile Emergency Care Service. A knowledge test consisting of 10 questions was administered before and after the simulation. Data were analyzed in terms of central tendency and dispersion. Pre-test and post-test correct answers were compared as percentages. The mean and standard deviation of correct answers were assessed using the Shapiro-Wilk test to determine whether the data followed a normal distribution. The Wilcoxon test was also employed to identify differences in mean correct answers between the research phases, with a significance level of 0.050. Results: Among the proposed questions, those related to trauma kinematics, stages of primary victim assessment, treatment planning, victim immobilization, assessment during care, and recognition of shock achieved a 90% correct response rate after the training. Questions about primary patient assessment and airway management also yielded significant results. Conclusion: The assimilation of knowledge through realistic simulation led to a significant improvement in correct answer rates for the questions

Prenatal assessment of high-risk pregnancies in primary and specialized outpatient care: a mixed study.

OBJECTIVES: to assess high-risk prenatal care and identify strategies for improving care. METHODS: a mixed study of a prospective cohort, with 319 mothers in a public maternity hospital, from October 2016 to August 2017, using a semi-structured instrument and interview. Analysis was performed using the chi-square test (p≤0.05). The qualitative approach was carried out through interviews with guiding questions to 13 managers, at their workplace, between January and March 2020, analyzed under social phenomenology. RESULTS: higher rates of inadequacy were identified for all criteria. However, when care was shared, there was a higher rate for performing tests (p=0.023), consultations (p=0.002), risk stratification (p=0.013) and emergency information (≤0.000). Weaknesses in the record evidenced impairment in communication and continuity of care. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: shared care is a strategy for improving care, however there is a need to strengthen effective referral and counter-referral to care continuity.

Factors associated with work activity of technical-administrative staff from state universities retired due to disability.

OBJECTIVE: To verify the factors associated with the type of work activity performed by university technical-administrative staff retired due to disability. METHOD: Cross-sectional research with 68 workers, conducted using an electronic questionnaire between November 2019 and September 2020. Data were collected on sociodemographic, occupational characterization and causes of disability. Data were analyzed descriptively and by multiple logistic regressions. RESULTS: Health professionals were more likely to have mental and behavioral disorders, associated with females and regardless of age. The chances of the nervous system diseases were higher in workers who performed administrative work, being associated with higher education. Operational employees were more likely to have musculoskeletal diseases associated with primary and secondary education and were male, regardless of age. CONCLUSION: There was an association between work activity performed before retirement and the diseases responsible for disability, with differences between gender, age, and educational levels.

Educational intervention in social skills for Primary Care nurses.

OBJECTIVE: to assess an educational intervention on social skills for nurses who work in Primary Health Care. METHOD: a qualitative research-intervention study, carried out in the municipalities covered by the 17th Health Regional of Paraná. It was developed in three interrelated stages: exploratory, where meetings were held with the managers to define the groups and logistics for running the course; intermediate, developed in meetings with different groups of nurses, addressing selected topics; assessment, in which the nurses developed a personal plan to improve their social skills. RESULTS: participants were 57 nurses who acted as coordinators of Primary Care. They considered the educational intervention in social skills fundamental for positive changes in their professional performance. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: the educational intervention in social skills was assessed as an important strategy to strengthen the development of nurses' managerial and care skills.

OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY ANGIOGRAPHY BIOMARKERS AND MICROPERIMETRY FEATURES IN BEHÇET'S UVEITIS.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the parafoveal macular microvasculature and the macular function in patients with retinal vasculitis associated with Behçet's uveitis. METHODS: In 14 patients with inactive Behçet's uveitis and 26 control individuals (13 with nonocular Behçet's syndrome and 13 healthy subjects), we analyzed the retinal nerve fiber layer, ganglion cell layer, full retinal thickness, foveal avascular zone area and sectorial parafoveal vascular density in the superficial vascular plexus, intermediate capillary plexus, and deep capillary plexus using SPECTRALIS optical coherence tomography (OCT) 2 and OCT angiography. Macular sensitivity was analyzed using an MP-3 microperimeter. RESULTS: Eighteen eyes (78%) had a best-corrected visual acuity ≥ 20/25. Significant differences were found in Behçet's uveitis in comparison with the controls on the OCT and OCT angiography: 14.8%, 22.4%, and 14.9% ganglion cell layer thinning in the global, nasal, and inferior sectors, respectively; 6%, 13.2%, and 7.5% full retinal thickness thinning in the superior, nasal, and inferior sectors; and 16.8%, 14.9%, 23.6%, 15.8%, and 12.6% mean deep capillary plexus density reduction in the global, superior, nasal, inferior, and temporal sectors. Microperimetry data demonstrated significant mean reductions of 21% and 23.6% in central and average macular sensitivities and 28.8%, 40.4%, 27.7%, and 24.2% in the superior, nasal, inferior, and temporal sectors, respectively. Outer plexiform layer elevations were observed in Behçet's uveitis (69.6%). CONCLUSION: Behçet's uveitis presented structural and functional macular damage despite good best-corrected visual acuity, mainly affecting the nasal sector and the deep capillary plexus. On OCT and OCT angiography, quantitative and qualitative changes can be valuable biomarkers of ocular involvement in Behçet's syndrome.

Factors associated with postural balance in patients with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis.

BACKGROUND: Patients with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis have postural balance impairments due to uremic syndrome and hemodialysis complications. This study evaluated the factors associated with postural balance in patients on hemodialysis. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included patients on hemodialysis [n = 93, 62.0 (16.0) years]. Postural balance was evaluated using a force plate in a static position with eyes opened and eyes closed on a firm surface and with eyes opened on a foam surface to register the center of pressure path length. Physical function was assessed by isometric handgrip force, the 5-repetition sit-to-stand test, and gait speed. The level of physical activity and quality of life were evaluated by accelerometry and the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey, respectively. FINDINGS: After adjustment for potential confounders, the multiple linear regression analysis showed that the presence of diabetes mellitus and neurological disease and gait speed were significantly associated with the center of pressure path length in the eyes opened test (R2 = 0.263; p < 0.001). The center of pressure path length in the eyes closed test was significantly associated with the presence of neurological disease (R2 = 0.177; p = 0.002). The center of pressure path length in the eyes opened on a foam surface test was significantly associated with the presence of diabetes mellitus (R2 = 0.223; p < 0.001). INTERPRETATION: Poor postural balance was associated with the presence of diabetes mellitus and neurological disease and a slower gait speed in patients on hemodialysis.

Normative data for macular perimetry using the MP-3 microperimeter in healthy individuals.

PURPOSE: Microperimetry has been used for several years as a form of visual function testing in patients with retinal diseases. Normal microperimetry values obtained with microperimeter MP-3 have not yet been fully published, and baseline values for topographic macular sensitivity and correlations with age and sex are needed to establish degrees of impairment. This study aimed to determine values for light sensitivity thresholds and fixation stability using the MP-3 in healthy individuals. METHODS: Thirty-seven healthy volunteers (age, 28-68 years), underwent full-threshold microperimetry using a 4-2 (fast) staircase strategy with the standard Goldmann III stimulus size and 68 test points positioned identically to those in the Humphrey Field Analyzer 10-2 test grid. The fixation stability was simultaneously recorded during the microperimetry test. The relationship between global sensitivity and age was calculated using linear regression analysis. RESULTS: Microperimetry was performed on 37 participants (74 eyes). The global mean sensitivity was 29.01 ± 1.44 (range, 26-31) dB. The mean central sensitivity at 2° measured by the MP-3 was 28.5 ± 1.77 dB in the right eye (OD) and 28.75 ± 1.98 dB in the left eye (OS). The total median fixation stability values within 2° and 4° were 80% and 96%, respectively. The linear regression analysis also revealed an age-related global sensitivity decline per year of -0.051 dB ± 0.018 (OD) and -0.078 dB ± 0.021 (OS). CONCLUSIONS: Microperimetry performed with the MP-3 allows for an automatic, accurate, and topography-specific examination of retinal sensitivity thresholds. The results of this study provide a normal and age-matched database of MP-3 microperimetry.

Efficacy and Patients' Satisfaction with the ORCAM MyEye Device Among Visually Impaired People: A Multicenter Study.

To evaluate usability of and satisfaction with OrCam MyEye, a finger-size wearable assistive technology device for visually impaired during real-world tasks. This prospective multicenter study was conducted on visually impaired people recruited from 5 vision rehabilitation centers. Patients performed real-world tasks such as near and distance reading, money handling, colour identification and face recognition in 2 different scenarios: without using any low vision aid and with OrCam. System Usability Scale (SUS), Patient's Global Impression of Change (PGIC), the Quebec User Evaluation of Satisfaction with Assistive Technology (QUEST 2.0) and the Psychosocial Impact of Assistive Devices Scale (PIADS) were administered after the use of the OrCam device. Among the 100 participants, use of OrCam MyEye device improved many daily-living tasks (F = 1.67, P < .05), and in particular reading and face recognition. Multivariate logistic regression showed that age and visual field defect explained 89% of the variation in efficacy of the device. Nearly half (45%) of the participants indicated a positive rating with the SUS. The PGIC rates showed a minimal improvement with a mean score of 4.2 (SD:1.8). The most highlighted parameter with the QUEST 2.0 test was "ease of use" in 58% (48 subjects). The PIADS indicator showed that the device positively impacted on the daily-living tasks of users (r2 = 0.72, P < .05). Regression modelling demonstrated a good relation between the questionnaires scores and demographic, disease and visual factors (P < .05). OrCam MyEye allowed visually impaired people to read, handle money and face recognition independently. This device may offer to these subjects to be independent.

The plasticitome of cortical interneurons.

Hebb postulated that, to store information in the brain, assemblies of excitatory neurons coding for a percept are bound together via associative long-term synaptic plasticity. In this view, it is unclear what role, if any, is carried out by inhibitory interneurons. Indeed, some have argued that inhibitory interneurons are not plastic. Yet numerous recent studies have demonstrated that, similar to excitatory neurons, inhibitory interneurons also undergo long-term plasticity. Here, we discuss the many diverse forms of long-term plasticity that are found at inputs to and outputs from several types of cortical inhibitory interneuron, including their plasticity of intrinsic excitability and their homeostatic plasticity. We explain key plasticity terminology, highlight key interneuron plasticity mechanisms, extract overarching principles and point out implications for healthy brain functionality as well as for neuropathology. We introduce the concept of the plasticitome - the synaptic plasticity counterpart to the genome or the connectome - as well as nomenclature and definitions for dealing with this rich diversity of plasticity. We argue that the great diversity of interneuron plasticity rules is best understood at the circuit level, for example as a way of elucidating how the credit-assignment problem is solved in deep biological neural networks.

Prenatal assessment of high-risk pregnancies in primary and specialized outpatient care: a mixed study / Evaluación prenatal de embarazos de alto riesgo en atención primaria y ambulatoria especializada: un estudio mixto / Avaliação pré-natal da gestação de alto risco na atenção primária e ambulatorial especializada: estudo misto

ABSTRACT Objectives: to assess high-risk prenatal care and identify strategies for improving care. Methods: a mixed study of a prospective cohort, with 319 mothers in a public maternity hospital, from October 2016 to August 2017, using a semi-structured instrument and interview. Analysis was performed using the chi-square test (p≤0.05). The qualitative approach was carried out through interviews with guiding questions to 13 managers, at their workplace, between January and March 2020, analyzed under social phenomenology. Results: higher rates of inadequacy were identified for all criteria. However, when care was shared, there was a higher rate for performing tests (p=0.023), consultations (p=0.002), risk stratification (p=0.013) and emergency information (≤0.000). Weaknesses in the record evidenced impairment in communication and continuity of care. Final Considerations: shared care is a strategy for improving care, however there is a need to strengthen effective referral and counter-referral to care continuity.

RESUMEN Objetivos: evaluar la atención prenatal de alto riesgo e identificar estrategias para mejorar la atención. Métodos: estudio mixto de cohorte prospectivo, con 319 madres en una maternidad pública, de octubre de 2016 a agosto de 2017, mediante instrumento semiestructurado y entrevista. El análisis se realizó mediante la prueba de chi-cuadrado (p≤0,05). El abordaje cualitativo se realizó a través de entrevistas con preguntas orientadoras a 13 directivos, en su lugar de trabajo, entre enero y marzo de 2020, analizados bajo la fenomenología social. Resultados: se identificaron mayores tasas de inadecuación para todos los criterios. Sin embargo, cuando se compartió la asistencia, hubo mayor tasa de realización de pruebas (p=0,023), consultas (p=0,002), clasificación de riesgo (p=0,013) e información de emergencia (≤0,000). Las debilidades en el expediente evidenciaron afectación en la comunicación y continuidad de la atención. Consideraciones Finales: el cuidado compartido es una estrategia para mejorar la atención, sin embargo, existe la necesidad de fortalecer la referencia y la contrarreferencia efectivas para la continuidad del cuidado.

RESUMO Objetivos: avaliar a assistência pré-natal de alto risco e identificar as estratégias para o aperfeiçoamento assistencial. Métodos: estudo misto de uma coorte prospectiva, com 319 puérperas em uma maternidade pública, de outubro de 2016 a agosto de 2017, utilizando-se instrumento semiestruturado e entrevista. Realizou-se análise por meio do Teste do Qui-Quadrado (p≤0,05). A abordagem qualitativa foi realizada por entrevista com questões norteadoras a 13 gestores, em seu local de trabalho, entre janeiro e março de 2020, analisadas sob a fenomenologia social. Resultados: identificaram-se maiores taxas de inadequação para todos critérios. Entretanto, quando a assistência foi compartilhada, observou-se maior taxa para realização de exames (p=0,023), consultas (p=0,002), classificação de risco (p=0,013) e informação de emergência (≤0,000). Fragilidades no registro evidenciaram prejuízo na comunicação e na continuidade assistencial. Considerações Finais: o cuidado compartilhado demonstra-se estratégia ao aperfeiçoamento assistencial, entretanto há necessidade do fortalecimento da referência e contrarreferência efetivas à continuidade assistencial.

Educational intervention in social skills for Primary Care nurses / Intervención educativa en habilidades sociales para enfermeras de Atención Primaria / Intervenção educativa em habilidades sociais para enfermeiros da Atenção Básica

ABSTRACT Objective: to assess an educational intervention on social skills for nurses who work in Primary Health Care. Method: a qualitative research-intervention study, carried out in the municipalities covered by the 17th Health Regional of Paraná. It was developed in three interrelated stages: exploratory, where meetings were held with the managers to define the groups and logistics for running the course; intermediate, developed in meetings with different groups of nurses, addressing selected topics; assessment, in which the nurses developed a personal plan to improve their social skills. Results: participants were 57 nurses who acted as coordinators of Primary Care. They considered the educational intervention in social skills fundamental for positive changes in their professional performance. Final considerations: the educational intervention in social skills was assessed as an important strategy to strengthen the development of nurses' managerial and care skills.

RESUMEN Objetivo: evaluar una intervención educativa sobre habilidades sociales para enfermeros que actúan en la Atención Primaria de Salud. Método: se trata de una investigación cualitativa del tipo investigación-intervención, realizada en los municipios de actuación de la 17ª Regional de Salud de Paraná. Se desarrolló en tres etapas interrelacionadas: exploratoria, donde se realizaron reuniones con los directivos para definir los grupos y la logística para la operación del curso; intermedio, desarrollado en encuentros con diferentes grupos de enfermeros, abordando temas seleccionados; evaluativo, en el que las enfermeras desarrollaron un plan personal para mejorar sus habilidades sociales. Resultados: participaron 57 enfermeros que actuaban como coordinadores de Atención Primaria. Consideraron la intervención educativa en habilidades sociales fundamental para cambios positivos en su desempeño profesional. Consideraciones finales: la intervención educativa en habilidades sociales fue evaluada como una estrategia importante para fortalecer el desarrollo de habilidades gerenciales y asistenciales de los enfermeros.

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar uma intervenção educativa em habilidades sociais para enfermeiros que atuam na Atenção Básica à Saúde. Método: trata-se de uma investigação qualitativa do tipo pesquisa-intervenção, realizada nos municípios de abrangência da 17ª Regional de Saúde do Paraná. Foi desenvolvida em três etapas inter-relacionadas: exploratória, onde foram realizadas reuniões com os gestores para definição dos grupos e logísticas de funcionamento do curso; intermediária, desenvolvida nos encontros com os grupos distintos de enfermeiros, abordando os temas selecionados; avaliativa, na qual os enfermeiros elaboraram um plano pessoal para aprimorarem suas habilidades sociais. Resultados: os participantes foram 57 enfermeiros que atuavam como coordenadores da Atenção Básica. Consideraram a intervenção educativa em habilidades sociais fundamental para mudanças positivas na sua atuação profissional. Considerações finais: a intervenção educativa em habilidades sociais foi avaliada como uma estratégia importante para fortalecer o desenvolvimento das competências gerencias e assistenciais do enfermeiro.

Factors associated with work activity of technical-administrative staff from state universities retired due to disability / Factoresasociados a laactividad laboral de técnicos-administrativos de universidades estatales jubilados por invalidez / Fatores associados à atividade laboral de técnico-administrativos de universidades estaduais aposentados por invalidez

ABSTRACT Objective: To verify the factors associated with the type of work activity performed by university technical-administrative staff retired due to disability. Method: Cross-sectional research with 68 workers, conducted using an electronic questionnaire between November 2019 and September 2020. Data were collected on sociodemographic, occupational characterization and causes of disability. Data were analyzed descriptively and by multiple logistic regressions. Results: Health professionals were more likely to have mental and behavioral disorders, associated with females and regardless of age. The chances of the nervous system diseases were higher in workers who performed administrative work, being associated with higher education. Operational employees were more likely to have musculoskeletal diseases associated with primary and secondary education and were male, regardless of age. Conclusion: There was an association between work activity performed before retirement and the diseases responsible for disability, with differences between gender, age, and educational levels.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Verificar los factores asociados al tipo de trabajo desempeñado por trabajadores universitarios técnico-administrativos jubilados por invalidez. Método: Studio transversal con 68 trabajadores, realizada mediante cuestionario electrónico entre noviembre de 2019 y septiembre de 2020. Se recolectaron datos sociodemográficos, ocupacionales y causas de discapacidad. Los datos se analizaron de forma descriptiva y mediante regresiones logísticas múltiples. Resultados: Los profesionales de la salud tenían mayor probabilidad de presentar trastornos mentales y del comportamiento, asociados al sexo femenino e independientemente de la edad. Las posibilidades de enfermedades del sistema nervioso fueron mayores en los trabajadores que realizaban labores administrativas. Los servidores operativos tenían más probabilidades de tener enfermedades musculoesqueléticas asociadas a la educación primaria y secundaria y eran del sexo masculino, independientemente de la edad. Conclusión: Hubo asociación entre el trabajo realizado antes de la jubilación y las enfermedades responsables de la invalidez, con diferencias entre sexo, edad y nivel educativo.

RESUMO Objetivo: Verificar os fatores associados ao tipo de atividade laboral exercida por trabalhadores técnico-administrativos universitários aposentados por invalidez. Método: Pesquisa transversal com 68 trabalhadores, realizada por meio de questionário eletrônico entre novembro de 2019 e setembro de 2020. Foram coletados dados sobre a caracterização sociodemográfica, ocupacional e causas da invalidez. Os dados foram analisados descritivamente e por regressões logísticas múltiplas. Resultados: Os profissionais da saúde tiveram mais chances de apresentarem os transtornos mentais e comportamentais, associados ao sexo feminino e independentemente da idade. As chances de doenças do sistema nervoso foram maiores em trabalhadores que exerceram trabalho administrativo, sendo associadas ao ensino superior. Servidores operacionais apresentaram maiores chances de doenças osteomusculares associadas ao ensino fundamental e médio e ao sexo masculino, independentemente da idade. Conclusão: Houve associação da atividade laboral exercida anteriormente à aposentadoria com as doenças responsáveis pela invalidez, com diferenças entre sexo, idade e níveis educacionais.

Satisfação dos pacientes com a assistência prestada durante a internação por COVID-19 / Patient satisfaction with the care provided during hospitalization by COVID-19 / Satisfacción del paciente con la atención brindada durante la hospitalización por COVID-19

Objetivo: Avaliar a satisfação de pacientes hospitalizados por COVID-19 com a assistência prestada durante a internação. Método: Estudo transversal realizado numa Unidade de Terapia Intensiva e unidade respiratória para COVID-19 de um hospital de ensino do noroeste paulista. Os dados foram coletados com o apoio do instrumento Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems. Realizou-se análise estatística descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: Participaram 100 pacientes e a satisfação geral dos pacientes foi influenciada pela equipe de enfermagem (61%), médica (62%), profissionais do hospital (49%), instalações físicas (65%), refeições (57%), enfermaria (47%), UTI (58%), orientações de alta (38%), saúde mental e emocional após alta (35%), saúde geral após alta (25%), privacidade e sigilo (36%) e comunicação com familiares (32%). Conclusão: A satisfação geral dos pacientes no período de internação com a assistência prestada foi de 65% durante a pandemia. Tanto a equipe de enfermagem quanto a médica foram fatores que influenciaram na satisfação do paciente, bem como a frequência do tratamento com cortesia e respeito (AU).

Objective: To evaluate the satisfaction of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 with the assistance provided during hospitalization. Method: Cross-sectional study carried out in an Intensive Care Unit and respiratory unit for COVID-19 of a teaching hospital in the northwest of São Paulo. Data were collected with the support of the Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems instrument. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was performed. Results: 100 patients participated and overall patient satisfaction was influenced by the nursing team (61%), doctors (62%), hospital professionals (49%), physical facilities (65%), meals (57%), infirmary (47%), ICU (58%), discharge guidelines (38%), mental and emotional health after discharge (35%), general health after discharge (25%), privacy and confidentiality (36%) and communication with family members (32%). Conclusion: The overall satisfaction of patients during the hospitalization period with the care provided was 65% during the pandemic. Both the nursing and medical staff were factors that influenced patient satisfaction, as well as the frequency of treatment with courtesy and respect (AU).

Objetivo: Evaluar la satisfacción de los pacientes hospitalizados por COVID-19 con la atención brindada durante la hospitalización. Método: Estudio transversal realizado en una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos y una unidad respiratoria para COVID-19 en un hospital escuela en el noroeste de São Paulo. Los datos fueron recolectados con el apoyo del instrumento Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems. Se realizó análisis estadístico descriptivo e inferencial. Resultados: participaron 100 pacientes y la satisfacción general del paciente estuvo influenciada por el personal de enfermería (61%), médico (62%), personal del hospital (49%), instalaciones físicas (65%), alimentación (57%), sala (47%), UCI (58 %), pautas de alta (38 %), salud mental y emocional posterior al alta (35 %), salud general posterior al alta (25 %), privacidad y confidencialidad (36 %) y comunicación con familiares (32 %). Conclusión: La satisfacción del paciente durante la hospitalización fue del 65% durante la pandemia. Existe la necesidad de intervenciones de mejora dirigidas a la experiencia del paciente durante su trayecto en el entorno hospitalario (AU).

Os cuidados paliativos na visão de internos de um curso de medicina: estudo transversal / Palliative care from the perspective of internal medicine students: a cross-cross study / Cuidados paliativos desde la perspectiva de estudiantes de medicina: un estudio transversal

Este estudo teve por objetivo verificar o conhecimento de estudantes de medicina sobre cuidados paliativos em saúde durante a sua formação. Método: Estudo transversal com 58 participantes dentre um universo de 200 internos de medicina dos quatro últimos períodos da graduação (internato médico) de uma instituição de ensino superior brasileira privada sem fins lucrativos, que tem um currículo integrado com o uso intensivo de metodologias ativas de ensino-aprendizagem. Foi utilizado um questionário, enviado por meio eletrônico e que foi baseado no instrumento americano "Physician's End-of-Life Care Attitude Scale". A coleta de dados ocorreu no terceiro trimestre de 2020 e os dados foram analisados por meio da estatística descritiva simples. Resultados: Participaram 58 estudantes, entre 20 e 34 anos, sendo 72% mulheres. Apenas 15,5% se consideraram competentes em dar notícias ruins. Quanto ao manejo clínico, 65,5% necessitaram maior supervisão ou instrução básica na dispneia terminal. Na decisão de retirada do suporte ventilatório de um paciente incapaz de decidir por si, 74,1% se preocuparam com questões legais e profissionais e 77,6% com questões éticas. Em relação ao pensamento sobre a morte do paciente, 67,2% se manifestaram ansiosos ou desconfortáveis. 80% dos estudantes classificaram como importante ou muito importante abordar a temática dos cuidados paliativos durante o internato. Conclusão: Os estudantes expressaram graus variados de conhecimento acerca do tema. Manifestaram maior segurança no manejo dos principais sintomas clínicos. Observou-se que o tema morte provoca certo grau de angústia e desconforto nos estudantes, que consideram necessário o conhecimento sobre cuidados paliativos.

This study aimed to verify the knowledge of medical students about palliative health care during their training. Method: Cross-sectional study with 200 medical students from the last four periods of graduation (medical internship) at a private, non-profit Brazilian higher education institution, which has an integrated curriculum with the intensive use of active teaching-learning methodologies. A questionnaire was used, sent electronically and based on the American instrument "Physician's End-of-Life Care Attitude Scale". Data collection took place in the third quarter of 2020 and the data were analyzed using simple descriptive statistics. Results: 58 students, aged between 20 and 34 years old, 72% of whom were women. in terminal dyspnea. In the decision to withdraw ventilatory support from a patient unable to decide for himself, 74.1% were concerned with legal and professional issues and 77.6% with ethical issues. Regarding the thought about the patient's death, 67.2% expressed anxiety or discomfort. 80% of the students classified it as important or very important to address the topic of palliative care during the internship. Conclusion: The students expressed varying degrees of knowledge about the topic. They showed greater confidence in the management of the main clinical symptoms. It was observed that the theme of death causes a certain degree of anguish and discomfort in students.

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo verificar el conocimiento de los estudiantes de medicina sobre los cuidados paliativos en salud durante su formación. Método: Estudio transversal con 200 estudiantes de medicina de los últimos cuatro períodos de graduación (internado médico) en una institución de educación superior brasileña privada, sin fines de lucro, que tiene un plan de estudios integrado con el uso intensivo de metodologías activas de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Se utilizó un cuestionario, enviado electrónicamente y basado en el instrumento estadounidense "Physician's End-of-Life Care Attitude Scale". La recolección de datos se realizó en el tercer trimestre de 2020 y los datos se analizaron mediante estadística descriptiva simple. Resultados: 58 estudiantes, con edades entre 20 y 34 años, de los cuales el 72% eran mujeres. En la decisión de retirar el soporte ventilatorio a un paciente incapaz de decidir por sí mismo, el 74,1% se preocupó por cuestiones legales y profesionales y El 77,6% con problemas éticos. En cuanto al pensamiento sobre la muerte del paciente, el 67,2% manifestó ansiedad o malestar. El 80% de los estudiantes calificaron como importante o muy importante abordar el tema de cuidados paliativos durante la pasantía. Conclusión: Los estudiantes expresaron diversos grados de conocimiento sobre el tema. Mostraron mayor confianza en el manejo de los principales síntomas clínicos. Se observó que el tema de la muerte provoca cierto grado de angustia y malestar en los estudiantes.

Use of grounded theory in the extraction, coding and analysis of data in literature meta-analyses / Aplicabilidad de la teoría fundamentada en la extracción, análisis y codificación de datos en meta-análisis de literatura / Utilização da grounded theory na extração, codificação e análise de dados em metassínteses de literatura

ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the conduction of data extraction, analysis and codification using the Straussian perspective of Grounded Theory, in Literature Meta-analysis. Method: this is a theoretical-reflexive study on the data extraction from reviews with meta-anaylses. To design the process of searching for qualitative studies, this study briefly addresses the sequential steps of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses and the Joanna Briggs Institute. The extraction, analysis and codification process were carried out following the assumptions of grounded theory, with the Straussian perspective. They are the theoretical-methodological bases in the first stages of the guidelines of the literature review and Meta-analyses guides, starting with the research question until reaching the review stages, divided into identification, selection, eligibility, and inclusion. Results: the results describe the process of data extraction, analysis and codification from the Straussian perspective, using comparative analysis of data, memoranda, diagrams and possibilities of new sample groups from the detailed analytical reading of the included studies. Finally, theoretical saturation is performed, with an analysis of the findings, with examples of categories and subcategories, the emergence of the central phenomenon and presentation of the paradigmatic model. Conclusion: the essay presents subsidies for the understanding of the conduction of extraction, analysis and codification of data in meta-analyses based on the Straussian perspective, enabling the systematized analysis of qualitative evidence and contributing to the development of models or theories of conceptual character

RESUMEN Objetivo: describir la conducta de extracción, análisis y codificación de datos utilizando la Teoría Fundamentada, en la perspectiva Straussiana, en la Metasíntesis de la Literatura. Método: se trata de un ensayo teórico-reflexivo sobre la conducción de la extracción de datos a partir de revisiones de metasíntesis. Para delinear el proceso de búsqueda de estudios cualitativos, este ensayo aborda brevemente los pasos secuenciales de los Elementos de informe preferidos para la revisión sistemática y los metanálisis y el Instituto Joanna Briggs. El proceso de extracción, análisis y codificación se realizó siguiendo los supuestos de la Grounded Theory, con la perspectiva straussiana. Son las bases teórico-metodológicas en las primeras etapas de los lineamientos de las guías de revisión de literatura y Metasíntesis, partiendo de la pregunta de investigación hasta llegar a las etapas de revisión, divididas en identificación, selección, elegibilidad e inclusión. Resultados: los resultados describen el proceso de extracción, análisis y codificación de datos desde la perspectiva straussiana, utilizando análisis de datos comparativos, memorandos, diagramas y posibilidades de nuevos grupos de muestra a partir de una lectura analítica exhaustiva de los estudios incluidos. Finalmente, se realiza una saturación teórica, con una síntesis de los hallazgos, con ejemplos de categorías y subcategorías, emergencia del fenómeno central y presentación del modelo paradigmático. Conclusión: el ensayo presenta subsidios para la comprensión de la extracción, análisis y codificación de datos en Metasíntesis a partir de la perspectiva straussiana, permitiendo, de forma sistemática, la síntesis de evidencias cualitativas y contribuyendo al desarrollo de modelos o teorías de carácter conceptual. naturaleza.

RESUMO Objetivo: descrever a condução de extração, análise e codificação de dados utilizando a Grounded Theory, na perspectiva Straussiana, em Metassínteses de literatura. Método: trata-se de um ensaio teórico-reflexivo sobre a condução da extração de dados de revisões com metassíntese. Para delineamento do processo de busca dos estudos qualitativos, este ensaio aborda, de forma sucinta, as etapas sequenciais do Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses e da Joanna Briggs Institute. O processo de extração, análise e codificação foi realizado seguindo os pressupostos da Grounded Theory, com a perspectiva Straussiana. São as bases teórico-metodológicas nas primeiras etapas das diretrizes dos guias de revisão de literatura e Metassíntese, iniciando com a pergunta de pesquisa até chegar às etapas da revisão, divididas em identificação, seleção, elegibilidade e inclusão. Resultados: nos resultados são descritos o processo de extração, análise e codificação de dados na perspectiva Straussiana, com uso de análise comparativa dos dados, memorandos, diagramas e possibilidades de novos grupos amostrais a partir da leitura analítica minuciosa dos estudos inclusos. Por fim, é realizada a saturação teórica, com síntese dos achados, com exemplos de categorias e subcategorias, emersão do fenômeno central e apresentação da modelo paradigmático. Conclusão: o ensaio apresenta subsídios para a compreensão da condução de extração, análise e codificação de dados em Metassínteses baseada na perspectiva Straussiana, possibilitando, de forma sistematizada, a síntese de evidências qualitativas e contribuindo no desenvolvimento de modelos ou teorias de caráter conceitual.